There are guides available. Search for ‘Linux kernel debugging’ or ‘Linux module debugging’, depending on which you are more interested in. And, of course, learn about the relevant parts of the kernel.
You might have a look at Debugging kernel and modules via gdb¶. The kernel.org site has a wealth of information.
On Debian 12 and 13 with xfce, I am using ibus and Intelligent Pinyin (ibus-libpinyin) for Chinese and English. In the past I have used fcitx5 and various other IMEs. Once they’re configured there isn’t much difference between ibus and fcitx5, for my simple use. My Chinese is rudimentary but my Chinese wife is happy with the configuration. I switch input methods with a configurable keyboard shortcut (Ctrl-Space is my preference) or menu on the ibus item in the Status Tray Plugin of the xfce panel. Changing is easy.
I have task-chinese-s-desktop and task-chinese-t-desktop installed. These bring in fcitx5 and various fonts, which suggests that whoever created these tasks think fcitx5 is better than ibus. And I installed ibus-libpinyin, which brings in ibus. I don’t recall why now - it was long ago. So I have ibus and fcitx5 installed but have been using only ibus for the past few years. It works well enough that I haven’t revisited it. If I were installing again now, I might choose fcitx5 instead of ibus.
I see there are also task-japanese-desktop and task-korean-desktop, which you might find helpful.
I haven’t used 13/trixie but with 12/bookworm I use jmtpfs but it’s also available for trixie.
I’m not running your configuration so can’t tell you with the assurance that I have it working but Forwarding ports with firewalld appears to address port forwarding to rootless podman using firewalld. If that doesn’t work for you you might need to clarify what your firewalld configuration is that obscures the client IP. I wouldn’t expect a simple port mapping to affect IP address.